RESUMO
The present qualitative study examined how a group of Peruvian adolescents (N = 32) from different cultural contexts conceive their well-being. The goal was to identify the domains that structure their conception of well-being and how they evaluate it based on their elaboration. For this objective, 32 in-depth interviews were carried out with adolescents from different cultural contexts in Perú. Elements such as region, academic performance, and gender were considered to identify specificities during the analysis. Interviews were analyzed using a thematic analysis strategy. As a result, six domains of adolescent well-being emerged where well-being is associated with socioeconomic factors, family and peer relationships, future aspirations, social skills and self-esteem, academic performance, and health care. Participants' evaluations of well-being were mainly grounded in the socioeconomic, family, and educational domains. Findings highlight the need to further develop psychology research on adolescence in non-WEIRD societies.
RESUMO
Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la relación entre las emociones y la conducta de voto en el contexto de la segunda vuelta de las elecciones presidenciales peruanas del 2021. Se aplicaron encuestas a 206 peruanos(as). Desde un modelo de análisis de rutas, se identificó que las emociones de alegría hacia Pedro Castillo y de culpa y vergüenza hacia Keiko Fujimori se asociaron con mayor apoyo a la candidatura de Pedro Castillo. Además, los estereotipos de calidez hacia votantes de Pedro Castillo se asociaron también con mayor apoyo a su candidatura. Asimismo, se identificó que emociones de alegría hacia Pedro Castillo y vergüenza hacia Keiko Fujimori se asociaron con una mayor cercanía hacia Pedro Castillo. En contraposición, emociones de alegría e interés hacia Keiko Fujimori se asociaron con una mayor cercanía con su candidatura. Así, se evidencia que las emociones juegan un rol importante en la conducta de voto y el comportamiento político, siendo necesario el tomarlas en cuenta al entender integralmente el contexto electoral.
Abstract The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between emotions and voting behavior in the context of the second round of the Peruvian presidential elections of 2021. Surveys were applied to 206 Peruvians. From a route analysis model, it was identified that the emotions of joy towards Pedro Castillo and guilt and shame towards Keiko Fujimori were associated with greater support for Pedro Castillo's candidacy. In addition, stereotypes of warmth towards Pedro Castillo's voters were also associated with greater support for his candidacy. Moreover, it was identified that emotions of joy towards Pedro Castillo and shame towards Keiko Fujimori were associated with a greater closeness towards Pedro Castillo. In contrast, emotions of joy and interest towards Keiko Fujimori were associated with a greater closeness to her candidacy. Thus, it is evident that emotions play an important role in voting and political behavior, being necessary to take them into account for the full understanding of the electoral contexts.
RESUMO
Tomando como base una muestra de personas de clase media de la ciudad de Lima (n=194) se analiza la relación entre variables ideológicas, emocionales y de contenido estereotípico con la valoración personal y percibida de tres categorías étnico raciales: peruanos andinos, peruanos blancos y afroperuanos. Los resultados permiten visibilizar el papel de las variables ideológicas en los niveles de prejuicio dirigidos a dichas categorías, principalmente a las categorías blanco y afroperuano. Además, se hallaron impactos específicos de dimensiones estereotípicas tradicionalmente asociadas con la categoría blanco, andino y afroperuano, como la competencia, lo moral y lo positivo en términos de calidez, respectivamente. Así también, se identifican impactos específicos de las emociones asociadas a cada categoría, principalmente a la categoría peruano blanco y peruano andino. Se analizan además las diferencias obtenidas en los niveles de conservadurismo por sexo. Finalmente, se discute lo hallado a la luz de la evidencia sistemática hallada en otras investigaciones en contextos nacionales.
Based on a sample of middle-class people from the city of Lima (n = 194), the relationship between ideological, emotional and stereotypical content variables is analyzed with the personal and perceived value of three ethnic-racial categories: Andean Peruvians, White Peruvians, and Afro-Peruvians. The results allow visualizing the role of ideological variables in the levels of prejudice directed to these categories, mainly to the White and Afro-Peruvian categories. Moreover, specific impacts of stereotypical dimensions traditionally associated with White, Andean and Afro-Peruvian categories were found, such as competition, moral and the positive in terms of warmth, respectively. Additionally, specific impacts of the emotions associated with each category are identified, mainly to the White and Andean-Peruvian. Furthermore, the differences obtained in the levels of conservatism by sex are also analyzed. Finally, findings are discussed in the light of the systematic evidence found in other investigations in national contexts.
